McGadney, Brenda F. “Benjamin Hooks.” In Encyclopedia of Social Work, edited by Cynthia Franklin. Oxford University Press, November 2013. 10.1093/acrefore/9780199975839.013.1091.
Abstract: Benjamin L. Hooks (1925–2010) was best known as an African American civil rights leader, lawyer, Baptist minister, gifted orator, and a businessman (co-founder of a bank and chicken fast-food franchises), who was executive director of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) (1977–1992). Hooks was appointed by President Richard Nixon as one of five commissioners (first African American) of the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) in 1972, commencing in 1973 with confirmation by the Senate.
